Pain Management and Sedation: Emergency Department Management

Section I: ADMINISTRATIVE
1. History/Background2. Definitions3. Regulations4. Documentation/Standardized Forms5. Quality Improvement/Risk Management6. Legal Aspects7. Policies and Procedures
Section II: APPROACH TO THE PATIENT
1. Preprocedural PatientAssessment2. American Society of Anesthesia (ASA) Classifications3. Pain Scales4. Equipment5. Procedural Patient Assessment and Monitoringa. Airwayb. Respiratoryc. Cardiovascular/Hemodynamicsd. Neurologic6. Post Procedure Evaluationa. Discharge Criteria Assessment of Patient Stabilityb. Patient Discharge Instructions
Section III: PHYSIOLOGY
1. Cardiovascular2. Respiratory3. Central Nervous System4. Autonomic Nervous System5. Renal6. Hepatic
Section IV: PROCEDURE/TECHNIQUES
1. Conscious Sedation2. Pain Managementa. Definition, acute vs chronicb. Pathophysiologyc. The Drug Seeking Patient3. Regional Anesthesia4. Nerve Blocks5. Local Anesthesiaa. Topicals1. Vapocoolant sprays2. Creams: EMLA, Eutetic, elemax3. Combination Solutions: Tac, LETb. Injectables1. Amides2. Esters3. Long acting vs short acting4. Others: Benadrylc. Iontophoresis (numby)
Section V. PHARMACOLOGY
1. Muscle Relaxants2. Neuromuscular Blockers3. Adjunctive Medicationsa. Atropine/Glycopyrolateb. Lidocainec. Others4. Reversal Agentsa. Naloxone/Naltrexoneb. Flumazenil5. Agents for Conscious Sedation (Sedative Drugs)a. Propofolb. Etomidec. DPTd. Chloral Hydratee. Barbituratesf. Benzodiazepinesg. Ketamine6. Pain Medicationsa. Opoidsb. Nonsteroidalc. Acetaminophend. Others7. Anestheticsa. Inhalant anestheticsb. Nitrous oxide
Section VI: SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
1. Devicesa. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)b. Continuous Infusions2. Palliative Care3. Pediatricsa. Pediatricsb. Neonatesc. Children with Special Health Care Needs4. Geriatrics5.

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DETAILED GUIDANCE ON PAIN RELIEF IN THE ED

This thorough and informative text provides ready, expert answers to both everyday questions and to the often challenging, complex, and diverse issues that arise around pain management and sedation in the emergency department. Written by three leading authorities, Pain Management and Sedation provides in-depth, yet practical and easy-to-find guidance on relieving the complaint that brings more than 50% of patients to emergency care. A groundbreaking work, it is the first text to treat this important subject in depth from the emergency room perspective.

Covering every aspect of the subject, Pain Management and Sedation offers

• Step-by-step guidance on approaches to patients, from preprocedure through discharge
• System-by-system patient evaluation protocols
• In-depth coverage of specific techniques, from conscious sedation through iontophoresis
• Drug-class by drug-class guidance on pharmacologic agents
• Specific guidance on pediatric, geriatric, pregnant, neonatal, and other patients with special considerations
• Coverage of useful techniques such as TENS, hypnosis, psychologic approaches, and other nonpharmacologic interventions
• Expert advice on key policy, administrative, and legal concerns

EXPERT GUIDANCE

Patient assessment protocolsDrug regulationsDrug-seeking patientsLocal and regional anesthesiaConscious sedationDrug therapeutics, with dosage chartsPatients with special considerationsAnxiety reliefNonpharmacologic interventionsLegal and administrative issues